
Umubyibuho wahawe inyito bituma umubare w’abawufite ugabanyuka mu buryo bufatika ndetse no ku kigero gishimishije
Muri Mutarama 2025, itsinda ry’abahanga mu buvuzi ryatoranyijwe n’Ikinyamakuru kinyuzwamo ubushakashatsi buteza imbere ubuzima, Lancet, ryagaragaje uburyo bushya bwo kugenzura ko umuntu afite umubyibuho ukabije ndetse buhabwa inyito nshya.
Mu bisanzwe iyo hapimwaga ko umuntu afite umubyibuho ukabije, harebwaga ku bilo n’uburebure umuntu afite ibizwi nka ‘BMI’
Iryo tsinda ry’abaganga ryagaragaje ko ibyo bidahagije kugira ngo hemezwe ko umuntu afite umubyibuho ukabije uteje ikibazo.
Bavuze ko upima akwiriye kujya anita ku ngano y’ibinure umuntu afite ku nda n’ikibuno, bikajyana no kureba niba hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko hari ingingo z’umubiri zatangiye kugira ikibazo bitewe no kugira ibinure byinshi mu mubiri cyangwa kugira imbogamizi ku mikorere y’umubiri.
Bagaragaje ko mu gihe hagaragaye ko uwo mubyibuho watangiye guteza ibibazo zimwe mu ngingo z’umubiri, bikwiye kwitwa ‘clinical obesity’, basanga nta byo, bikitwa ‘preclinical obesity,’ bivuze ko umuntu afite ibyago by’ubuzima ariko nta ndwara iraboneka.
Iyi nyito nshya yemejwe n’ibigo byita ku buzima bigera kuri 75, icyakora abantu bayivugaho cyane, bamwe bavuga ko abari mu cyiciro cya ‘preclinical’ bashobora guhura n’ibibazo byo kudahabwa ubuvuzi bakeneye.
Abahanga mu by’ubuvuzi bagaragaza ko abo batabonyweho ibibazo batewe n’umubyibuho bagomba gukurikiranwa nk’abafite ibyago byo kugira ingaruka ku buzima, mu gihe ababibonyweho batangira kwitabwaho ari na bo bavugwa ko bafite umubyibuho ukabije.
Byakomotse ku bushakashatsi bwakorewe mu bihugu 56 biri mu nzira y’amajyambere harimo n’u Rwanda, bukamurikwa muri PLOS Global Public Health ku wa 24 Nyakanga 2025.
Bwerekanye ko gukoresha inyito ya ‘clinical obesity’ bizagabanya umubare w’abafatwaga nk’abafite umubyibuho ukabije kugeza ku kigero cya 50%.
Aba bashakashatsi bagaragaza ko ari ingenzi gusobanura byimbitse icyo umubyibuho ukabije ari cyo kugira ngo amakuru babonye ahuzwe n’ibibazo bishobora kugera ku muntu, aho kugendera ku ngano y’ibilo n’uburebure gusa.
Bagaragaza ko izi nyito nshya zizafasha mu kugaragaza abantu bakeneye ubufasha kurusha abandi.
Ni ubushakashatsi bwifashishije amakuru y’abarenga ibihumbi 142 bo muri Afurika, Aziya, Amerika, u Burayi n’ahandi.
Hitawe ku kureba ibilo umuntu afite, uburebure, umuzenguruko w’inda, umuvuduko w’amaraso, isukari umuntu afite mu mubiri n’ibindi byinshi.
Rodrigo M. Carrillo-Larco wo muri Emory University yo muri Leta ya Georgia wayoboye ubushakashatsi yavuze ko bahisemo gukora ubushakashatsi kuko abantu bari bakeneye kumva ibintu kimwe ku bijyanye n’icyitwa umubyibuho ukabije, uburyo bwo gutangira imiti n’ibindi.
Mu byabonywe ni uko hagaragaye ko umubyibuho ukabije mu bagabo ku rwego rw’igihugu wari uri hagati ya 1% mu bihugu nk’u Rwanda, Timor-Leste, Malawi, Ethiopia, Eritrea, na Cambodia kugeza kuri 29% mu bihugu nka Samoa, Ibirwa bya Cook na Tokelau.
Ni mu gihe ku bagore umubyibuho ukabije wari munsi ya 1% mu bihugu bya Vietnam, Timor-Leste, u Rwanda, Ethiopia, Eritrea, na Cambodia, kugeza kuri rugero rwa 28% mu bihugu birimo Samoa na Tuvalu.
Mu bagabo byagaragaye ko abarenga 10% bo mu bihugu 41 birimo 18 bya Afurika bafite umubyibuho ukabije utuma ingingo z’umubiri zidakora (clinical obesity) mu gihe 10% by’abagore bo mu bihugu 30 birimo 14 bya Afurika na bo bafite bene uwo mubyibuho.
Ahagaragaye impinduka zikomeye mu bijyanye n’umubyibuho ukabije hashingiwe ku nyito nshya, ni muri Malawi. Hashingiwe ku bipimo bya BMI wari kuri 0,7% mu gihe hashingiwe ku bipimo bishyam wageze 0,2% ibingana n’igabanyuka rya 67,7%.
Mu bagore bafite umubyibuho ukabije uteje ikibazo, u Rwanda rwagaragaje impinduka Rwanda biva kuri 2,7% ushingiye ku bipimo bya BMI, bigera kuri 1,3% ushingiye ku nyito nshya ya ‘clinical obesity’ ibingana n’igabanyuka rya 52,4%.