Afurika Mu Rugendo Rushya Rw’iterambere Cyane Cyane Ryiganje Mu Mijyi
Raporo nshya igaragaza ko muri 2050 abaturage batuye mu mijyi muri Afurika bazikuba kabiri, bigahindura isura y’ubukungu n’imibereho y’abatuye umugabane
Afurika iri kwinjira mu gihe gishya cy’iterambere ryihuse ry’imijyi rizahindura uburyo abantu babaho n’ubukungu bw’umugabane muri iyi myaka 30 iri imbere. Nk’uko byagaragajwe na raporo “Africa’s Urbanisation Dynamics 2025” yakozwe ku bufatanye bwa Sahel and West Africa Club (OECD/SWAC), Banki Nyafurika Itsura Amajyambere (AfDB), Cities Alliance, na United Cities and Local Governments of Africa (UCLG Africa), abantu batuye mu mijyi bazikuba kabiri bava kuri miliyoni 704 mu 2020 bakagera kuri miliyari 1.4 mu 2050. Ibi bivuze ko mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya 21, hafi bibiri bya gatatu by’Abanyafurika bazaba batuye mu mijyi.
Raporo igaragaza ko imijyi ya Afurika iri kwaguka ku muvuduko utigeze ubaho, ku buryo muri 2050 uyu mugabane uzaba uwa kabiri ku isi mu kugira abaturage benshi mu mijyi, inyuma ya Aziya. Nigeria na Misiri nizo zitezweho kuyobora impinduramatwara y’imijyi, aho biteganyijwe ko zizagira abaturage b’imijyi miliyoni 250 na miliyoni 147. Afurika y’Uburengerazuba izaba ifite abaturage b’imijyi miliyoni 436, mu gihe Afurika y’Uburasirazuba izagera kuri miliyoni 355, naho Afurika yo Hagati izikuba inshuro 2.4 ikagera kuri miliyoni 199.
Nubwo iri zamuka ryihuse rizana amahirwe menshi y’iterambere ry’ubukungu, inganda n’udushya, rizanazanira umugabane ibibazo bikomeye birimo ibura ry’amacumbi, ibikorwa remezo bidahagije n’ubusumbane mu mibereho. Raporo isaba ibihugu bya Afurika gushyira imbere igenamigambi ry’imijyi, imiyoborere inoze n’uburyo bushya bwo kubona ingengo y’imari kugira ngo iterambere ry’imijyi ribe rirambye kandi rirengera ibidukikije.
Mu bihugu bifite izamuka ryihuse mu baturage b’imijyi hagati ya 2020 na 2050, Niger iza ku isonga n’umuvuduko wa 4.2%, ikurikirwa na Somalia (3.7%), Gambia (3.6%), Burkina Faso (3.5%) na Uganda (3.4%). Ibi bigaragaza impinduka ikomeye mu mibereho ya Afurika yo munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara, aho abantu benshi bari kwimukira mu mijyi bashaka akazi, ubuzima bwiza n’amahirwe mashya y’iterambere.
